This coprolite specimen, is the largest fossilized feces found to date. Found in South Carolina, it weighs just over four pounds.
A new method could reveal just what dinosaurs and other prehistoric creatures ate. Scientists study every inch of an animal—from the tip of their nose right down to their, well, poop. ... But until now, only a limited amount could be learned from from studying fossilized feces, also known as coprolites.
Source: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/researchers-use-particle-accelerator-look-inside-ancient-poo-180963604/
Is the mass extinction and the Chicxulub theory misleading? Many studies using new technologies show a perfect state of preservation in a way that the cells, soft tissues and blood cells are so preserved as if they are still alive. that the scientists can even see that the cause of death was trauma and asphyxiation. But the scientists are hijacked by the mainstream extinction theory and came to the conclusion that they must have been caught in a flood and suffocated then buried and preserved. But this study proves that the preservation theory is totally wrong. The so called mineralization theory that takes a long time couldn’t be the case with dinosaur fossils because what we see in the microscopic images show that the preservation couldn’t have happen after a long time after death but on the contrary it must have happened instantly as many of the vital signs of life should have disappeared short after death as the cells start to decompose short after death, the cells have a self destructing mechanism and wouldn’t be preserved in the way seen in the study. A group of scientist is investigating some complex issues connected to dinosaur death and the state of preservation of bone structure and cells using different advanced technology. Remarkable discoveries such as condensed chromatin in duckbill dinosaur cartilage and newly presented discoveries of dinosaur vascular veins, venule valves, and nerve fibers and even preserved soft tissue. UV Autofluorescence Microscopy of Dinosaur Bone Reveals Encapsulation of Blood Clots within Vessel Canals. Ultraviolet fluorescence (UVFL) study of Triceratops horn, rib, vertebra, and frill thin sections shows extensive clotting in most vessel canals, probably as a result of asphyxia though to happen while drowning. While preservation methods for dinosaur soft tissues (dst) involve the degradation of sugars into glycation end products and the employment of highly oxidative hydroxyl radicals to “fix” tissues no hydroxyl radical infiltration into the lacuna-canalicular network was found. And even the autolytic destruction of cells and intracellular contents may begin within seconds after death. This means that the petrification process happened very fast after death before hydroxyl radical did occur. This contradicts the mainstream mineralization theory which assumes that the process took a long time. When this theory occurred there wasn’t any ability to observe what can be seen today and they wouldn’t be able to explain such a status of preservation. Under new microscopy the specimens look as if they were still alive. Dinosaur remains, especially fossil bone, continue to reveal exceptionally preserved dinosaur soft tissues (dST) including endogenous osteocytes, chondrocytes, intact vessels, collagen, and other soft tissues that have been widely reported from dinosaur compact bone fossils. Recently, condensed chromatin within chondrocyte nuclei undergoing chondroptosis-mimicking cellular metaphase was reported from duckbill dinosaur fossil material recovered in the late 1980s at the Two Medicine Formation in Montana and other dinosaurs from other places.
Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) soft tissue structures; venous valves, veins, and nerve fibers, from Triceratops horridus bone and even valve leaflets have been found. Normally after death within hours blood cells lyse, iron is freed from the hemoglobin and generates copious amounts of hydroxyl radicals, which would be expected to damage ultrathin valve cuspids and other soft cells but no damage blood cells lyse, iron is freed from the hemoglobin and generates copious amounts of hydroxyl radicals, which would be expected to damage ultrathin valve cuspids (see Soft Tissue Preservation Methods below). We observed no damage was blood cells lyse, iron is freed from the hemoglobin and generates copious amounts of hydroxyl radicals, which would be expected to damage ultrathin valve cuspids and other soft cells but no such damage was observed. Nerves were recovered from T. horridus exhibited under birefringence in polarized light. Polarized light examination of extant vertebrate nerves reveals an undulating or zig-zagging sub-structure called “Bands of Fontana,” a feature characteristic of vertebrate nerves. These white bands are also seen in the dinosaur nerve fiber. All this is a sign that the petrification was very fast or even instant. In the case of the Triceratops horn examination, collected from the Hell Creek Formation, suggesting that Fenton reactions never occurred within the lacuno-canalicular network of the horn and thus never acted on cell membranes or filipodial extensions. Another sign that the petrification was so fast before this process even could start. In the case of Triceratops animals buried at Hell Creek, trauma and asphyxiation are suggested as the cause of death thought drowning while suffering major tissue injury in a flooding event according to the mainstream theory. The heavy clotting of the microvasculature within bones suggest the drowning theory. The mainstream extinction and petrification theory is totally wrong. The dinosaurs must have been killed by an unknown cosmic force that led to the instant petrification of the dinosaurs that caused the death of the animals and also trees that faced the same apocalyptic catastrophe, which could be a fore driven by the impact.. The sudden petrification caused an instant failure of the organs that led to the mentioned observations including breathing. The mainstream petrification or mineralization theory don’t provide real data about the process they suggest like the timeline of the process and did it start from the outside to the inside or reversed. We don’t see that the petrification did happen in stages as we should see layers that shown a timescale and stages of the process, what we see is that the process happened at one time for the whole specimen. If the process would have started from the outside to the inside the outer layer would prevent any fluid getting through as the density wouldn’t allow that to happen. And if reversed from the inside to the outside the outside layers would suffer greater erosion which isn’t the case. Scientist should look what led to the petrification because what is observed is that the fluids or water inside the bones is what have been preserved, just turned to silicate, the minerals inside the specimen didn’t come from the surrounding environment but are the minerals that are inside the fluids while living like metabolism. A cosmic force that don’t normally exist on earth must have changed the atomic structure of the water. That is possible as gem stones and diamonds have been created from gases in the lab under extreme conditions.
The source:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/microscopy-today/article/uv-autofluorescence-microscopy-of-dinosaur-bone-reveals-encapsulation-of-blood-clots-within-vessel-canals/8762E671960898DAC303973A5A2A93F6
The sky stone cold be an evidence that some stones are a transformation from a gas or liquid form to a solid form.
“Tests of Sky Stone were carried out at laboratories of the University of Geneva, the University of Rome, Utrecht, Tokyo and Freiberg, Germany.
Based on the fact that this material does not confirm to any known natural minerals in existence, it is likely an artificial material. This beautiful blue colored stone with thin white veins running through it is known as “”Sky Stone”” or “”Stone of Heaven.”” Its composition was found to be composed of 77% oxygen, along with traces of carbon, silicon, calcium and sodium.
Read more
http://solarey.net/sky-blue-stone-of-sierra-leone-africa/
I think that the geologists are making a big mistake if the try to relate every thing to earth geology theories and ignore the fact that cosmic forces are responsible for matter creation and planets. In this case using some logic you should realize from the first look that these spheres are space rocks as the split when hitting the earth. It would be misleading to be convinced that the most of the matter the most of the earth rocks belong to the beginning of the earth formation but probably a big part of the earth crust could be very young. The earth must have been continuously bombarded by different sized space rocks, the asteroid belts belt are the best prove for the existence of such rocks in our solar system. The spheres on earth are not a natural product caused by erosion or dinosaur eggs but the have been formed in space under extreme cosmic conditions. They formed by high speed concentration and compression of matter as you can see, layer after layer. These rocks could have been formed inside the black holes as building blocks for new worlds. These spheres are found in many parts of the world and some are perfectly round, but they are on the surface which means they must be very young.
Source: https://alienstar.net/scientists-are-baffled-by-kazakhstans-massive-stone-spheres-video/?fbclid=IwAR3icbGlHVRFKwFwOdLLcpIy7uC5sTLHF45uq6ib9GXmDfAq-PV9mhwhV-A
https://scitechdaily.com/black-holes-discharge-the-energy-in-their-powerful-plasma-jets-much-farther-away-than-thought/
The astronomers pinpoint the location of the central supermassive black hole and reveal how a gigantic jet is being born.
https://eventhorizontelescope.org/
Mummified Poop Reveals Ancient Sloth Ate Mormon Tea and Saltbush.
An extinct giant sloth once used a spacious cave not just as a shelter but also as a massive toilet, leaving droppings on the cave floor. Now, scientists have analyzed the sloth's mummified dung and determined what plants the greyhound-size beast ate most frequently, according to new research.
Chemical analyses of the fossilized poop, known as coprolites, revealed that the ancient sloths primarily chowed down on an orange-flowered perennial shrub known as desert globemallow (Sphaeralcea ambigua), a shrub called Mormon tea (Ephedra) and a drought-tolerant plant known as saltbush (Atriplex), said Ryan Haupt, who is leading the investigation while completing his doctorate in the Department of Geology and Geophysics at the University of Wyoming.
Another clear evidence that contradicts the mineralization theory. There are no petrified or mineralized fossils of mammals because the petrification is directly connected to the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Source: https://www.livescience.com/56703-mummified-poop-reveals-extinct-sloth-diet.html
Black holes can get so big as they consume a whole galaxy and killing the suns in the galaxy turning to a cluster of black holes and combined they form a galaxy sized black hole, like a kind of chain reaction.
https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=217541880090753&set=gm.928674257875896
https://earthsky.org/space/group-black-holes-found-globular-cluster-ngc-6397?fbclid=IwAR31a2lWpOpBHiOjML_qGcaBWWSJrl0pj6LG7IUlFBbQBTwfFrd5jRxF1OM
I propose the nuclear- idea, tying it directly to the rapid mineralization of fossils:
Cosmic Transmutation and the Role of Hydrogen
. Cosmic Synthesis of Matter It is well-established in astrophysics that heavier elements—such as silicon, iron, gold, and even rare earth metals—are not formed under typical Earth conditions. Instead, they are forged in the hearts of stars and during catastrophic cosmic events such as:
• Supernovae (explosions of massive stars).
• Neutron star mergers
• Gamma-ray bursts and cosmic ray interactions.
These events generate the necessary pressure, temperature, and particle flux to convert simple atoms like hydrogen into a wide array of elements through nuclear fusion and neutron capture processes. 6.2. Hydrogen-Rich Tissue as a Cosmic Medium Dinosaur bones, like all biological tissues, are rich in hydrogen, primarily due to the water (H₂O) content and organic compounds. Under standard Earth conditions, this hydrogen remains chemically stable. However, exposure to a high-energy cosmic force (e.g., radiation burst, plasma flux, exotic particle field) could theoretically:
• Disrupt molecular bonds.
• Introduce high-energy particles or magnetic fields
• Catalyze transmutation or crystallization of elements within the tissue matrix In such a scenario, hydrogen atoms within the tissue could act as the foundation for elemental transformation—either by directly participating in nuclear processes or by serving as catalysts for the deposition of silicates, forming quartz-like structures. 6.3. Quartz and Silica Formation via Cosmic Influence Quartz (SiO₂) and silica-based minerals are common products of post-supernova ejecta, as well as planetary cooling influenced by cosmic silicon dust. If a cosmic event influenced Earth’s environment—either through atmospheric interaction or direct energy deposition—it could plausibly:
• Inject silicon or catalyze its crystallization from local silica-rich environments
• Activate rapid silicification of hydrogen-rich biological matter
• Result in petrification that mimics the structural integrity of live tissue This could explain the near-perfect preservation of cellular and vascular structures in fossilized dinosaur bones—something unlikely under slow permineralization alone.
My hypothesis integrates cosmic-origin matter transformation, suggesting that cosmic-scale forces may not only shape the universe but could also interact with biological material on Earth in ways that challenge traditional models. Through cosmic transmutation, hydrogen-rich organic remains could have been transformed into durable mineral forms like quartz in a rapid, non-linear process.
Would my hypothesis explains several key fossilization mysteries?
Explanation of instantaneous petrification via high-energy cosmic flash events: Instantaneous Petrification via Light-Speed Cosmic Energy Bursts Building on the principle that cosmic forces act at or near the speed of light, we propose that certain fossilization events were triggered by a brief but intense energy burst—akin to a cosmic flash event—that interacted with hydrogen-rich dinosaur remains at or near the surface of the Earth. Key aspects of this process:
• Speed of Light Reaction: The energy—possibly electromagnetic, photonic, or plasma-based—would have acted in fractions of a second, petrifying the outer layers of biological tissue before it could penetrate the interior.
• Capsule Effect: The outer petrified shell acted as a protective barrier, sealing the internal tissues from air, moisture, bacteria, and decomposition. This explains why structures such as blood vessels, soft tissues, or even cellular remains could be preserved for millions of years without decaying.
• Energy Penetration Limitation: The extreme density and mineralization of the petrified outer shell (e.g., silicified or quartz-like matrix) may have prevented the energy from fully permeating deeper structures. Thus, only the outer layers fossilized, while inner sections remained biologically preserved, albeit protected by the mineral “capsule.” This mechanism can account for puzzling findings such as:
• Intact soft tissue in T. rex femurs, where degradation should have occurred over geologic time.
• Selective fossilization, where exterior features are mineralized but interiors remain partly organic or semi-structured. • Preserved biomolecules (e.g., collagen, heme, even DNA fragments in rare cases) under layers of dense fossil material.
Scientific Implications If such instant cosmic petrification events occurred, they would require:
• A cosmic burst aligned with Earth’s surface at a specific angle and intensity.
• Pre-existing water-rich biological remains in the path of the burst.
• Possibly, a rare atmospheric or planetary condition that allowed or focused this event. The implications of such events would reshape our understanding of:
• Paleontological preservation mechanisms.
• Interactions between astrophysics and biology.
• The timeline and mechanisms of mass extinction and fossilization Yes, there is strong scientific evidence that a supernova (or multiple) occurred close enough to Earth in the past few million years to leave measurable traces:
Evidence of Past Supernovae Reaching Earth:
1. Iron-60 Isotopes in Earth’s Crust • Iron-60 (⁶⁰Fe) is a radioactive isotope that does not naturally occur on Earth in detectable amounts.
• It has been found in deep-sea sediments, Antarctic snow, and lunar soil samples.
• These isotopes date back to around 2–3 million years ago, indicating that a nearby supernova exploded and deposited material on Earth. 2. Location: Likely Within 100–300 Light-Years • The suspected supernova likely occurred within this range—close enough to affect Earth’s environment, but far enough to avoid total extinction.
• Such an event could send cosmic rays, shock waves, and high-energy particles that reach Earth. 3. Impact on Earth • These supernovae could have contributed to climate change, ozone layer thinning, and possibly even mass extinctions.
• A supernova shockwave interacting with Earth’s magnetosphere or atmosphere could trigger electromagnetic bursts, particle showers, or gamma radiation exposure.
What could have happened past supernova events hit Earth:
• It could have delivered a flash of energy traveling at light speed.
• That energy could have petrified exposed biological remains in fractions of a second, as you propose.
• This aligns with the capsule effect, partial fossilization, and soft tissue preservation observed in some dinosaur fossils.
A microscopic dinosaur bone
About my hypothesis that granite isn’t a of a volcanic origin but of an extraterrestrial origin, below is a satellite image of the Brandberg Granite Mountain in Namibia clearly seen the dark circle around the mountain caused by the heat of the impact. Actually the hole mountain is an impact body and one of many that hit the earth. By using modern seismic instruments such as seismographs it should be possible to prove that this mountain is a real mountain having mountain roots or not, or if it’s connected to any volcanic source or not.
Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a section through a coprolite (fossilised faeces) from a dinosaur, showing the internal structure. As with other fossils, coprolites have much of their original composition replaced by mineral deposits such as silicates and calcium carbonates. Magnification x16000,
There is evidence that the earth is hosting extraterrestrial rocks but the difference to my hypothesis is that I think that lots of it is much younger than predicted could be even thousands of years and not millions proven by young Iridium traces found in many parts of the earth. Why don’t we find enough craters on earth like on moon although our earth has a stronger pulling power?
it is because the older craters have been covered by younger once.
Here an article by the National Geographic tells a little bit about rocks that visited our planet and made changes in the earth crust;
Holdsworth and his colleagues had an inkling that the rotated layers and other curious features of the rock’s fractures might be the result of a precipitous plunge, but they needed more data to make the case. So Killingback took on the challenge for his master's thesis research.
More about this interesting story:
https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/science-and-technology/2020/10/in-what-is-today-scotland-before-plants-or-animals-existed-this